Thursday, October 27, 2011

The Phonetics that I Forgot

I forgot one thing, and intentionally left out another. The thing that I forgot is a fairly small matter, but is very important to pronunciation: stress. The thing that I left out intentionally is a bit larger, but will probably not be important for much time to come: derivational phonetic simplifications.
            Stress in fĺuðét is fairly simple. It comes on the end of the word unless the vowel of that syllable is an é, then the stress comes on the first vowel before it that that is not an é. If all of the vowels in the word are é’s, then stress comes on the last syllable. So veću, "walk" is stressed: ve-ĆU, and fĺuðét is stressed: fĺ-U-ðét, because its last syllable’s vowel is an é, and the syllable before that is a u, which can have stress. And one more thing that I forgot: é cannot end a word without a consonant after it.
           
Fĺuðét derives words from other words by attaching affixes, which leads to odd series of consonants that do not always fit in one’s mouth. Because of this there are certain rules that one can follow to simplify the sounds of unwieldy mixtures.
A couple of preliminary rules:
1. The preceding sound always modifies the following sound, and not vice versa.
2. If three or more sounds come together, then first expand semi-vowels into regular vowels, then if there are still groups of three or more consonants, then keep only the first and last sound of each group, and simplify them.

The sounds are simplified according to the following set of rules:

1. Stop + Stop:

a. Initial p > unvoice following sound and remove p except before ć or j where j is unvoiced and the initial t (t + ś = ć) is replaced with p.
b. Initial b > voice following sound and remove b except with ć or j where the ć is voiced and the initial d (d + ź = j) is replaced with b.
c. Initial t > remove initial t.
d. Initial d > voice following sound and remove initial d.
e. Initial ć > unvoice following sound and remove initial t before t.
f. Initial j > voice following sound and remove initial d before d.

Stop + Fricative:

a. Initial p > align inital p to following sound’s voicing and remove f or v.
b. Initial b > remove f or v.
c. Initial t > unvoice following sound and turn f into wh.
d. Initial d > voice following sound and turn v into w.
e. Initial ć > align ć to following sound’s voicing and turn f into wh and v into w.
f. Initial j > turn f into wh and v into w and remove initial d (d + ź = j) before t or d.

Fricative + Stop:

a. Initial f > align initial f to following sound’s voicing and remove initial f before p and b.
b. Initial v > voice following sound and remove initial v before p or b.
c. Initial þ > align initial þ to following sound’s voicing and remove t, d, ć, and j.
d. Initial ð > voice following sound and remove d, and j.
e. Initial ś > align to following sound’s voicing.
f. Initial ź > voice following sound.

Fricative + Fricative:

a. Initial f > remove f
b. Initial v > voice following sound and remove initial v.
c. Initial þ > align þ to following sound’s voicing, turn f into wh, and turn v into w, and remove initial þ before ś or ź.
d. Initial ð > voice following sound, turn v into w, and remove initial ð before ź.
e. Initial ś > align ś to following sound’s voicing and turn f into wh, and turn v into w.
f. Initial ź > voice following sound and turn v into w.

Wednesday, October 26, 2011

Fĺuðét Intro and Phonetics

WARNING: You will not be able to read certain things (the fĺuðét alphabet parts) without downloading and installing this font: Runic-Fuludhet-Short.ttf, or refer to the alphabet at right, and below.
Fĺuðét is a language that I started that has little or no relation to the world (Dunta) that I am creating, but instead is a language that I am making to entertain myself in the realm of constructed languages while I continue work on the history of my world. I may also post on the history in the background, since that is what this blog is for.
Fĺuðét is a language with SOV word order, an adverb based tense, mood, and aspect system, and a conculture, but no world except our own. It started out being a language that I would not put down on paper, or record in any other way so as to force myself to learn it, but I never got past the phrase: éþ vechu se (“I am walking”). The phonetics, the Romanization, and most of the grammar have thoroughly changed since then, but that sentence is still similar: fiéþ veću þeþe. My no-recording plan did not build the language very large, and it’s pretty hard to learn a language with only three words, so I eventually gave up and put it down on paper, and then a word document, and now a blog.
            Fĺuðét has one peculiarity that may challenge common thought on phonetics: the use of l and r as vowels. I have seen very little on the idea that l and r are vowels. I found only one forum where someone brought it up (see that here), and even the IPA does not realize l and r for their full potential. Even so, I do use l and r as vowels. I use the sounds full (IPA: /əl/), and fur (IPA: /ɛr/) respectively for l and r. I write them ĺ, and ŕ in vowel form for the Romanization (you might not be able to see it, but they have acute accents on top of them).
            All of the vowels in fĺuðét are shown together in the following table:
Romanization
IPA
English Example
Fĺuðét Alphabet
o
/o/
so (like French)
o
u
/u/
rude
u
ŕ
/ɛr/
sure
Ŕ
ĺ
/əl/
gull
Ĺ
i
/i/
machine
I
e
/e/
make (no i glide)
E
é
/ɛ/
wet
é

            The consonants in fĺuðét are all almost all in English, except for the wh (which I suppose is in some dialects of English), and the bilabial fricatives. Fĺuðét (or the speakers of (whoever they may be)) treat ć and j as plosives in most cases rather than affricates. It will mostly only matter in the derivational phonetic simplifications, which are yet to come.
            All of the consonants of are shown in the following table (unvoiced, voiced):

Bilabial
Alveolar
Post-Alveolar

Roman
IPA
Fĺuðét
Roman
IPA
Fĺuðét
Roman
IPA
Fĺuðét
Plosive
p, b
p, b
p b
t, d
t, d
t d



Affricate






ć, j
ʧ, ʤ
ć j
Fricative
f, v
φ, β
f v
þ, ð
θ, ð
þ ð
ś, ź
ʃ, ʒ
ś ź
Semi-Vowel
wh, w
ʍ, w
w w
l
l
l
r
r
r
            NOTE: The      is not a part of the fĺuðét letter, but is rather the symbol used to show spaces.
 Fĺuðét Alphabet